替代for循环,让Python代码更pythonic !
开始探索 Python 中惊人的语言功能到现在已经有一段时间了。一开始,我给自己提出了一个挑战:练习更多的 Python 语法,降低使用for循环的频率。这让我的代码变得更简洁和规范,看起来更 pythonic!下面我将会介绍这样做的好处。
通常如下使用场景中会用到 for 循环:
- 在一个序列来提取一些信息。
-
从一个序列生成另一个序列。 -
写 for 已成习惯。
-
较少的代码量 -
更好的代码可读性 -
更少的缩进(对 Python 还是很有意义的)
# 1with ...:for ...:if ...:try:except:else:
result = []for item in item_list:new_item = do_something_with(item)result.append(item)
result = [do_something_with(item) for item in item_list]
doubled_list = map(lambda x: x * 2, old_list)
from functools import reducesummation = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, numbers)
> a = list(range(10))> a[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]> all(a)False> any(a)True> max(a)9> min(a)0> list(filter(bool, a))[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]> set(a){0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}> dict(zip(a,a)){0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3, 4: 4, 5: 5, 6: 6, 7: 7, 8: 8, 9: 9}> sorted(a, reverse=True)[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]> str(a)'[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]'> sum(a)45
results = []for item in item_list:# setups# condition# processing# calculationresults.append(result)
def process_item(item):# setups# condition# processing# calculationreturn resultresults = [process_item(item) for item in item_list]
results = []for i in range(10):for j in range(i):results.append((i, j))
results = [(i, j)for i in range(10)for j in range(i)]
# finding the max prior to the current itema = [3, 4, 6, 2, 1, 9, 0, 7, 5, 8]results = []current_max = 0for i in a:current_max = max(i, current_max)results.append(current_max)# results = [3, 4, 6, 6, 6, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9]
def max_generator(numbers):current_max = 0for i in numbers:current_max = max(i, current_max)yield current_maxa = [3, 4, 6, 2, 1, 9, 0, 7, 5, 8]results = list(max_generator(a))
from itertools import accumulatea = [3, 4, 6, 2, 1, 9, 0, 7, 5, 8]resutls = list(accumulate(a, max))
THE END






