Django开发微信公众号消息自动回复

2023-07-0122:44:16后端程序开发Comments1,080 views字数 7636阅读模式

通过python的中文分词jieba包和xml处理包xmltodict结合Django实现微信公众号的消息自动回复，用户通过微信公众号的对话框向后端发消息时，微信服务器将POST消息的XML数据包推送开发者填写的URL上。具体流程如下：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html

Django开发微信公众号消息自动回复文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html

本文以接收和回复文本消息为主，微信公众号支持回复文本、图片、图文、语音、视频、音乐等类型的消息。根据微信官方的安全要求，需要用秘钥对收到的密文消息体进行解密，回复消息体也用此秘钥加密。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html

微信公众平台为开发者提供了5种语言的示例代码（包括C++、php、Java、Python和C#版本）下载地址如下：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html

https://wximg.gtimg.com/shake_tv/mpwiki/cryptoDemo.zip

首先，以粉丝给公众号发送文本消息：“欢迎进入公众号交流”，在开发者后台收到公众平台发送的xml如下：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html

<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[公众号]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[粉丝号]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>1460537339</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[欢迎进入公众号交流]]></Content> <MsgId>6272960105994287618</MsgId></xml>
说明：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
createTime 是微信公众平台记录粉丝发送该消息的具体时间文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
text: 用于标记该xml 是文本消息，一般用于区别判断文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
欢迎进入公众号交流: 说明该粉丝发给公众号的具体内容是欢迎进入公众号交流文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
MsgId: 是公众平台为记录识别该消息的一个标记数值, 微信后台系统自动产生文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
所以回复给用户的消息格式基本也如上，如想回复给粉丝一条文本消息，内容为“test”, 那么开发者发送给公众平台后台的xml 内容如下：
<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[粉丝号]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[公众号]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>1460541339</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[test]]></Content></xml>
说明：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
1）ToUserName（接受者）、FromUserName(发送者)。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
2）createtime用于标记开发者回复消息的时间。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
3）text : 此次行为是发送文本消息 （当然可以是image/voice等类型）。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
4）文本换行 ‘\n’。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
关于微信公众号开发后端配置的可以去查看我的过往文章，有不清楚的可以留言交流。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
回到本次的重点，Django来实现微信公众号自动回复消息文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
安装中文分词包jieba和xmltodict，jieba用于对接收的消息进行分词，然后判断关键词并进行回复，xmltodict主要是xml消息文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
pip install jieba xmltodict
直接上开发代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import renderimport hashlib# Create your views here.from django.http.response import HttpResponsefrom django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exemptimport xmltodictimport jiebaimport time@csrf_exemptdef wechat(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        signature = request.GET.get('signature')        timestamp = request.GET.get('timestamp', '')        nonce = request.GET.get('nonce', '')        echo_str = request.GET.get('echostr', '')        token='你的'        hashlist = [token, timestamp, nonce]        hashlist.sort()        list2 = ''.join(hashlist)        sha1 = hashlib.sha1()        sha1.update(list2.encode('utf-8'))        hashcode = sha1.hexdigest()        if hashcode == signature:            return HttpResponse(echo_str, content_type="text/plain")        else:            return HttpResponse('error', content_type="text/plain")    elif request.method == 'POST':        dict_xml=request.body.decode('utf-8')        xmlData = xmltodict.parse(dict_xml)        msg_type = xmlData['xml']['MsgType']        if msg_type == 'text':            contents = jieba.cut(xmlData['xml']['Content'])            for i in contents:                if i=="微信公众号开发" or i=="小程序开发" :                    content = "请关注Django与python学习"                    resp_data = {                        "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                                "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                                "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                                "MsgType": 'text',                                "Content": content,                                }                    }                    xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                    response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                    return response                else:                    content = xmlData['xml']['Content']                    resp_data={                        "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                            "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                            "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                            "MsgType":'news',                               "ArticleCount": 1,                               "Articles": {                                   "item": {                                       "Title": "搜索"+content+"的结果",                                       "Description": "和"+content+"相关的内容",                                       "PicUrl": "https://www.baidu.com/img/flexible/logo/pc/result.png",                                       "Url": "https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_bp=1&tn=baidu&wd="+content                                   }                               },                        }                    }                    xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                    response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                    return response        elif msg_type == 'image':            content = "欢迎您"            resp_data = {                "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                        "MsgType": 'image',                        "Content": content,                        }            }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response        elif msg_type == 'voice':            content="欢迎您"            resp_data={                "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                    "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                    "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                    "MsgType":'voice',                    "Content":content,                }            }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response        elif msg_type == 'video':            content = "欢迎您"            resp_data = {                "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                        "MsgType": 'video',                        "Content": content,                        }            }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            print(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data))            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response        elif msg_type == 'music':            content = "欢迎您"            resp_data = {                "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                        "MsgType": 'music',                        "Content": content,                    }            }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response        elif msg_type == 'news':            resp_data = {                "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                        "MsgType": 'news',                        "ArticleCount":1,                        "Articles": {                            "item":{                                "Title":"Django之微信公众号开发接入",                                "Description":"Django之微信公众号开发接入",                                "PicUrl":"",                                "Url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzAwNjE5MTE3Mw==&mid=2449814757&idx=1&sn=2f8a89d5bee110f4b598528303174480&chksm=8ce0b5cfbb973cd9c90b29d5a214e7489f88f0ea3bd1304c6fe503b727b7277c3c6809a1d39d&token=2126286068&lang=zh_CN#rd"                            }                        },                     }                }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response        elif msg_type == 'event':            if xmlData['xml']['Event']=='subscribe':                content="谢谢您的关注"                resp_data={                    "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                        "MsgType":'text',                        "Content":content,                    }                }                xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                return response            if xmlData['xml']['Event']=='unsubscribe':                content="您取关后将接受不到我们的推送服务"                resp_data={                    "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                        "MsgType":'text',                        "Content":content,                    }                }                xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                return response            if xmlData['xml']['Event']=='LOCATION':                content="我们已收到你发送的定位"                openid = xmlData['xml']['FromUserName']  # 发送者的openid                Latitude=xmlData['xml']['Latitude']#地理位置纬度                Longitude=xmlData['xml']['Longitude']#地理位置经度                Precision=xmlData['xml']['Precision']#地理位置精度                resp_data={                    "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                        "MsgType":'text',                        "Content":content,                    }                }                xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                return response            if xmlData['xml']['Event']=='CLICK':                content="我们已收到你发送的定位"                openid=xmlData['xml']['FromUserName']#发送者的openid                EventKey=xmlData['xml']['EventKey']#事件 KEY 值，与自定义菜单接口中 KEY 值对应
                resp_data={                    "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                        "MsgType":'text',                        "Content":content,                    }                }                xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                return response            if xmlData['xml']['Event']=='VIEW':                content="我们已收到你发送的定位"                openid=xmlData['xml']['FromUserName']#发送者的openid                EventKey=xmlData['xml']['EventKey']#事件 KEY 值，设置的跳转URL
                resp_data={                    "xml":{"ToUserName":xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName":xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime":int(time.time()),                        "MsgType":'text',                        "Content":content,                    }                }                xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)                response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")                return response        else:            content = "这是其他消息，不便回复"            resp_data = {                "xml": {"ToUserName": xmlData['xml']['FromUserName'],                        "FromUserName": xmlData['xml']['ToUserName'],                        "CreateTime": int(time.time()),                        "MsgType": 'text',                        "Content": content,                        }            }            xmltodict.unparse(resp_data)            response = HttpResponse(xmltodict.unparse(resp_data), content_type="text/plain")            return response
完成上述代码，配置url既可实现自动回复。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
消息回复的内容可以建立一个库或者加入ChatGPT也可实现微信公众号上对用户消息的判断回复。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/bc/49200.html
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