CSS Reset
CSS Reset（CSS重置）是一种技术，用于消除不同浏览器之间默认样式的差异，以确保网页在各个浏览器中的显示一致性。由于不同浏览器对元素的默认样式有所不同，使用CSS Reset可以将这些默认样式归零或统一，从而为开发者提供一个干净的起点来构建自定义样式。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
CSS Reset通常包含一系列CSS规则，用于将HTML元素的属性值重置为一致的初始状态。这些规则可能会将边距、内边距、字体大小、行高等属性设置为相同的值，以消除浏览器之间的差异。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
常见的CSS Reset方法包括使用Normalize.css和Eric Meyer's Reset CSS。Normalize.css是一个广泛使用的CSS Reset库，它通过保留有用的默认样式，并纠正浏览器之间的差异，提供了一致的跨浏览器体验。Eric Meyer's Reset CSS则是经典的CSS Reset方法之一，它将大部分HTML元素的样式重置为零，并提供了一个基本的布局起点。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
在使用CSS Reset时，需要注意以下几点：文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
- 1. 了解选择的CSS Reset方法的具体实现和影响。
- 2. 将CSS Reset文件在其他样式文件之前引入，以确保样式重置生效。
- 3. 注意可能会影响到已有样式的问题，需要在项目中进行适当的测试和调整。
CSS Reset是一种消除浏览器默认样式差异的技术，它可以为开发者提供一个一致的起点来构建网页样式，并改善跨浏览器的兼容性。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
常用的 Css Reset
Eric Meyer’s “Reset CSS”（重置的很极端）
官方网址：https://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
/* http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
v2.0 | 20110126
License: none (public domain)
*/
html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
b, u, i, center,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
article, aside, canvas, details, embed,
figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup,
menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary,
time, mark, audio, video {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
border: 0;
font-size: 100%;
font: inherit;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */
article, aside, details, figcaption, figure,
footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section {
display: block;
}
body {
line-height: 1;
}
ol, ul {
list-style: none;
}
blockquote, q {
quotes: none;
}
blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after {
content: '';
content: none;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}HTML5 Doctor CSS Reset
官方网址：http://html5doctor.com/html-5-reset-stylesheet/文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
/**
* html5doctor.com Reset Stylesheet v1.6.1 (http://html5doctor.com/html-5-reset-stylesheet/)
* Richard Clark (http://richclarkdesign.com)
* http://cssreset.com
*/
html,body,div,span,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,abbr,address,cite,code,del,dfn,em,img,ins,kbd,q,samp,small,strong,sub,sup,var,b,i,dl,dt,dd,ol,ul,li,fieldset,form,label,legend,table,caption,tbody,tfoot,thead,tr,th,td,article,aside,canvas,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section,summary,time,mark,audio,video {
margin:;
padding:;
border:;
outline:;
font-size:100%;
vertical-align:baseline;
background:transparent;
}
body {
line-height:;
}
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section {
display:block;
}
nav ul {
list-style:none;
}
blockquote,q {
quotes:none;
}
blockquote:before,blockquote:after,q:before,q:after {
content:'';
content:none;
}
a {
margin:;
padding:;
font-size:100%;
vertical-align:baseline;
background:transparent;
}
/* change colours to suit your needs */ins {
background-color:#ff9;
color:#000;
text-decoration:none;
}
/* change colours to suit your needs */mark {
background-color:#ff9;
color:#000;
font-style:italic;
font-weight:bold;
}
del {
text-decoration:line-through;
}
abbr[title],dfn[title] {
border-bottom:1px dotted;
cursor:help;
}
table {
border-collapse:collapse;
border-spacing:;
}
/* change border colour to suit your needs */hr {
display:block;
height:1px;
border:;
border-top:1px solid #cccccc;
margin:1em 0;
padding:;
}
input,select {
vertical-align:middle;
}Yahoo! (YUI 3) Reset CSS（推荐）
官方网址：http://developer.yahoo.com/yui/3/cssreset/文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
/** * YUI 3.5.0 - reset.css (http://developer.yahoo.com/yui/3/cssreset/)
* http://cssreset.com
* Copyright 2012 Yahoo! Inc. All rights reserved.
* http://yuilibrary.com/license/
*//* TODO will need to remove settings on HTML since we can't namespace it. TODO with the prefix,should I group by selector or property for weight savings?
*/
html {
color:#000;
background:#FFF;
}
/* TODO remove settings on BODY since we can't namespace it.
*//* TODO test putting a class on HEAD.
- Fails on FF.
*/
body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,code,form,fieldset,legend,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,td {
margin:;
padding:;
}
table {
border-collapse:collapse;
border-spacing:;
}
fieldset,img {
border:;
}
/* TODO think about hanlding inheritence differently,maybe letting IE6 fail a bit...*/
address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {
font-style:normal;
font-weight:normal;
}
ol,ul {
list-style:none;
}
caption,th {
text-align:left;
}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
font-size:100%;
font-weight:normal;
}
q:before,q:after {
content:'';
}
abbr,acronym {
border:;
font-variant:normal;
}
/* to preserve line-height and selector appearance */
sup {
vertical-align:text-top;
}
sub {
vertical-align:text-bottom;
}
input,textarea,select {
font-family:inherit;
font-size:inherit;
font-weight:inherit;
}
/*to enable resizing for IE*/
input,textarea,select {
*font-size:100%;
}
/*because legend doesn't inherit in IE */
legend {
color:#000;
}
/* YUI CSS Detection Stamp */#yui3-css-stamp.cssreset {
display:none;
}使用通用选择器“*”
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}Normalize.css（推荐，因为重置较为标准化，不是很极端）
官方网址：http://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
- • normalize.css:保护了有价值的默认值
- • normalize.css:修复了浏览器的bug
- • normalize.css:是模块化的
- • normalize.css:拥有详细的文档
/*! normalize.css v8.0.1 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */
/* Document
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Correct the line height in all browsers.
* 2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */
}
/* Sections
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the margin in all browsers.
*/
body {
margin: 0;
}
/**
* Render the `main` element consistently in IE.
*/
main {
display: block;
}
/**
* Correct the font size and margin on `h1` elements within `section` and
* `article` contexts in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
*/
h1 {
font-size: 2em;
margin: 0.67em 0;
}
/* Grouping content
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in Firefox.
* 2. Show the overflow in Edge and IE.
*/
hr {
box-sizing: content-box; /* 1 */
height: 0; /* 1 */
overflow: visible; /* 2 */
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
pre {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/* Text-level semantics
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the gray background on active links in IE 10.
*/
a {
background-color: transparent;
}
/**
* 1. Remove the bottom border in Chrome 57-
* 2. Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, IE, Opera, and Safari.
*/
abbr[title] {
border-bottom: none; /* 1 */
text-decoration: underline; /* 2 */
text-decoration: underline dotted; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font weight in Chrome, Edge, and Safari.
*/
b,
strong {
font-weight: bolder;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
code,
kbd,
samp {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font size in all browsers.
*/
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
/**
* Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in
* all browsers.
*/
sub,
sup {
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
position: relative;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sub {
bottom: -0.25em;
}
sup {
top: -0.5em;
}
/* Embedded content
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the border on images inside links in IE 10.
*/
img {
border-style: none;
}
/* Forms
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Change the font styles in all browsers.
* 2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari.
*/
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
font-family: inherit; /* 1 */
font-size: 100%; /* 1 */
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
margin: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Show the overflow in IE.
* 1. Show the overflow in Edge.
*/
button,
input { /* 1 */
overflow: visible;
}
/**
* Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge, Firefox, and IE.
* 1. Remove the inheritance of text transform in Firefox.
*/
button,
select { /* 1 */
text-transform: none;
}
/**
* Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
*/
button,
[type="button"],
[type="reset"],
[type="submit"] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
}
/**
* Remove the inner border and padding in Firefox.
*/
button::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
border-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
/**
* Restore the focus styles unset by the previous rule.
*/
button:-moz-focusring,
[type="button"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring {
outline: 1px dotted ButtonText;
}
/**
* Correct the padding in Firefox.
*/
fieldset {
padding: 0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the text wrapping in Edge and IE.
* 2. Correct the color inheritance from `fieldset` elements in IE.
* 3. Remove the padding so developers are not caught out when they zero out
* `fieldset` elements in all browsers.
*/
legend {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
color: inherit; /* 2 */
display: table; /* 1 */
max-width: 100%; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 3 */
white-space: normal; /* 1 */
}
/**
* Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera.
*/
progress {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/**
* Remove the default vertical scrollbar in IE 10+.
*/
textarea {
overflow: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in IE 10.
* 2. Remove the padding in IE 10.
*/
[type="checkbox"],
[type="radio"] {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Chrome.
*/
[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari.
* 2. Correct the outline style in Safari.
*/
[type="search"] {
-webkit-appearance: textfield; /* 1 */
outline-offset: -2px; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS.
*/
[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
-webkit-appearance: none;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
* 2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
-webkit-appearance: button; /* 1 */
font: inherit; /* 2 */
}
/* Interactive
========================================================================== */
/*
* Add the correct display in Edge, IE 10+, and Firefox.
*/
details {
display: block;
}
/*
* Add the correct display in all browsers.
*/
summary {
display: list-item;
}
/* Misc
========================================================================== */
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10+.
*/
template {
display: none;
}
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10.
*/
[hidden] {
display: none;
}哪种CSS Reset最好
选择最好的 CSS Reset 取决于项目需求和个人偏好。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
最适合的 CSS Reset 取决于你的项目需求。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
如果你希望尽量保留默认样式并修复浏览器的不一致性，推荐使用 Normalize.css。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
如果你更倾向于完全自定义样式，Eric Meyer's Reset CSS 可能更适合。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
而如果你想改变默认的盒模型计算方式，CSS Box Sizing Border Box 是一个很好的选择。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html
最重要的是，在使用任何 CSS Reset 方法之前，请确保你理解其工作原理，并测试其在你的项目中的效果。文章源自菜鸟学院-https://www.cainiaoxueyuan.com/zhizuo/54800.html