Oracle乱码问题处理解决方式，先问chatGPT

 1-- 解决Oracle存储生僻字、偏僻字
 2-- 只能保证业务系统能正常读取生僻字
 3
 4DROP TABLE TEST;
 5CREATE TABLE TEST(id int,n1 varchar2(255), n2 nvarchar2(255));
 6insert into TEST values(0,'张学?䄲友','张学?䄲友');
 7insert into TEST values(1,n'张学?䄲友',n'张学?䄲友');
 8insert into TEST VALUES(0,'㱔','㱔');
 9insert into TEST VALUES(1,'㱔',N'㱔');
10insert into TEST VALUES(1,'㛃',N'㛃');
11insert into TEST VALUES(0,'䶮','䶮');
12insert into TEST VALUES(0,'㼆','㼆');
13
14
15
16-- 中文转unicode参考：https://www.w3cschool.cn/tools/index?name=unicode_chinese
17insert into TEST select 1,utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2('3c54'),utl_raw.cast_to_nvarchar2('3c54')from dual;
18insert into TEST select 1,utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2('36c3'),utl_raw.cast_to_nvarchar2('36c3')from dual;
19commit;
20
21-- ID为1且n2列为正确的插入方法
22SELECT n1,n2 FROM TEST;
23
24
25
26-- 补充
27-- 测试 sql
28select n'䄲' from dual; -- 显示正常
29select '䄲' from dual; -- 显示乱码

1-- 第一步： 将需要存储生僻字的字段类型修改为 nvarchar2 （注意：不是 varchar2）
2alter table TEST modify N1 nvarchar2(255);
3
4-- 第二步： 手工通过数据库图形化工具 将生僻字转换后 插入该字段（单引号前面加上 n）
5update TEST set sqrmc = n'张学?䄲友' where sblsh = '44180022B0000NJ';
6commit;
7
8-- 第三步： 进入业务系统页面查看 正常显示为 《 张学?䄲友 》

 1[oracle@lhrora11204 ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE 
 2> -gdbname gbk  -sid gbk 
 3> -sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr 
 4> -datafileDestination '/u01/app/oracle/oradata' 
 5> -recoveryAreaDestination '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' 
 6> -redoLogFileSize 50 
 7> -storageType FS 
 8> -characterset ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 
 9> -sampleSchema true 
10> -totalMemory 512 
11> -databaseType OLTP  
12> -emConfiguration NONE
13/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
14/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
15/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
16Copying database files
171% complete
183% complete
1911% complete
2018% complete
2126% complete
2237% complete
23Creating and starting Oracle instance
2440% complete
2545% complete
2650% complete
2755% complete
2856% complete
2957% complete
3060% complete
3162% complete
32Completing Database Creation
3366% complete
3470% complete
3573% complete
3685% complete
3796% complete
38100% complete
39Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/gbk/gbk.log" for further details.
40[oracle@lhrora11204 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=gbk
41[oracle@lhrora11204 ~]$ sas
42
43SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Mar 7 17:34:32 2023
44
45Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
46
47
48Connected to:
49Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
50With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
51
52SYS@gbk> select userenv('language') from dual;
53
54USERENV('LANGUAGE')
55----------------------------------------------------
56AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
57
58SYS@gbk> 

1export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8